短切纤维改善SiO_(2)气凝胶性能的研究进展

Research progress on chopped fiber improving property of silica aerogel

SiO_(2)气凝胶力学性能差、导热系数在高温条件下上升迅速的缺陷限制了其替代传统保温材料的发展进程。通过纤维复合的方式制备的纤维增强型复合材料有效地改善了SiO_(2)气凝胶的力学和保温隔热性能,拓宽了其应用范围,是目前的研究热点之一。针对现有的研究成果,介绍了以短切纤维为增强相制备SiO_(2)气凝胶复合材料的工艺流程和纤维增强机理,综述了不同类型短切纤维改善SiO_(2)气凝胶力学和保温性能的研究进展,并对未来主要发展方向进行了展望。

The defects of poor mechanical property and rapid rise of thermal conductivity under high temperature restrict the development process of replacing traditional thermal insulation materials.The fiber-reinforced composite prepared by the fiber composite method greatly improves the mechanical and thermal insulation properties of SiO_(2)aerogel,which is helpful to broaden its application.The preparation method and the mechanism of fiber reinforcement of SiO_(2)aerogel composites were presented,and the research progress of different types of chopped fibers in improving the mechanical and thermal insulation properties of SiO_(2)aerogel was reviewed.In addition,the further prospect was discussed.