非溶剂致相分离3D打印聚合物的成型工艺研究

Study on Forming Process of 3D Printing Polymer Through Non⁃solvent Induced Phase Separation

采用自行搭建的湿度可控的气辅式三维(3D)打印机,基于非溶剂致相分离原理,实现了常温下、高精度、低成本3D打印耐高温的聚合物材料。以聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)为例,探究了挤出压力、喷头直径、打印速度、打印环境相对湿度、打印层高等打印参数对成型质量的影响。结果表明,挤出丝料的宽度与打印速度、环境相对湿度有关,随打印速度和环境相对湿度的增大而减小;打印层高与挤出丝料的厚度有关,打印层高约等于挤出丝料的厚度的时,成型质量最好;通过多层沉积实验,得到最优的打印参数,成型了表面质量良好、精度高的PEI坯体。

Based on the principle of non⁃solvent induced phase separation,a self⁃made controllable humidity and gas⁃as⁃sisted 3D printer was used to conduct the 3D printing of high⁃temperature⁃resistant special engineering plastics with a high precision and a low cost at ordinary temperatures.Taking polyetherimide as a special engineering plastic example,the effects of extrusion pressure,nozzle diameter,printing speed,relative humidity of printing environment,and printing layer on the forming quality were investigated.The results indicated that the width of extruded wire was related to the printing speed and relative humidity of the printing environment,and it decreased with an increase in printing speed and relative humidity.The printing layer height was related to the wire height of extrusion slurry.When the printing layer height was about equal to the wire height of extrusion slurry,the forming quality was optimal.The optimal printing pa⁃rameters were obtained from a multilayer deposition experiment,achieving the green body with a good surface quality and a precision.