真空测试计量技术及其航天应用

Vacuum Metrology Technology and its Space Application

真空测试计量技术是确保载人航天、探月工程、北斗导航等重大航天工程顺利实施的重要基础。围绕计量发展和航天发展建设对真空测试计量提出的新任务、新要求,真空测试计量发展在深度、广度及维度上表现出强劲的态势。近年来,围绕国家重大战略需求,瞄准真空测试计量技术核心科学问题,开展了面向航天应用的真空测试计量原始创新研究,实现了由真空中性气体测试计量向空间电推进真空等离子体测试、卫星充放电真空模拟测试、真空环境下空间计量等交叉领域的拓展,并在月球样品采样、飞船交会对接、空间守时原子钟研制、卫星平台升级换代、卫星安全防护等应用中发挥了至关重要的作用。

Vacuum metrology technology is an important foundation to ensure the successful implementation of manned space flight project,lunar exploration project,Beidou navigation project and other major space projects.Around the new tasks and requirements for vacuum metrology caused by the progress of metrology and space,the development of vacuum metrology has shown a strong momentum in depth,breadth and dimension.In recent years,focusing on the major national strategic needs,the original innovation research has been carried out by Lanzhou Institute of Physics aimed at the core scientific issues and key technologies involved in vacuum metrology and its space application,and then expanded the research fields from vacuum neutral gas measurement to space electric propulsion vacuum plasma test,satellite charging and discharging vacuum simulation test,space metrology in vacuum environment,etc.Related technologies have been widely used and played an important role in lunar sample sampling,spacecraft rendezvous and docking,space atomic clock development,satellite platform propulsion technology upgrading,satellite security protection and other fields.