大型重离子加速器真空系统及其挑战

The Vacuum System of Large Heavy-Ion Accelerator Facility and Its Challenges

中国科学院近代物理研究所从历次的大科学装置建设中,积累了大型真空腔体、超高/极高真空系统以及强流重离子加速器真空系统等设计经验。为了获得超高/极高真空系,从真空设备选择、材料处理、密封形式以及在线烘烤等方面形成了一套完整的工艺流程;在强流重离子加速器(High Intensity Heavy ion Accelerator Facility,HIAF)真空系统研制过程中,为了减小磁铁气隙尺寸,大幅度降低磁铁造价及电源运维成本,提出陶瓷内衬薄壁真空室新方法,并研制了原理性样机;为了有效控制HIAF未来运行过程中的动态真空效应,设计了束流准直器,开展了真空材料解吸率测量研究;为了解决高放射性区域真空系统的维护问题,提出了自重密封结构,同时研制了充气膨胀密封法兰;为了进一步优化高精度环形谱仪真空度,开展低温极高真空系统研究。

The Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences has accumulated experiences in the design of large-scale vacuum chambers,ultra-high/extremely high vacuum systems and heavy ion accelerator vacuum systems from the construction of large scientific facilities.In order to obtain the ultra-high/extremely high vacuum system,a complete technological process has been formed about the selection of vacuum acquisition equipment,material processing,sealing form and in-situ baking;In the development of the heavy ion accelerator facility(HIAF),a new method of ceramic-lined thin-walled vacuum chamber was proposed and a principle prototype was developed to reduce the gap of the magnet and greatly reduce the cost of the magnet and the power supply;the research of vacuum material desorption yield was carried out and the beam collimators were designed to effectively control the dynamic vacuum effect in the future operation of HIAF;the self-weight sealing structure was proposed and the pillow-seal flange was developed to solve the maintenance problem of the vacuum system in the high-radioactive area;the cryogenic vacuum system was carried out to improve the vacuum system of Spectrometer Ring.