白杨河谷地地下水系统特征研究

Study on the characteristics of groundwater system in Baiyang river valley

地下水系统特征是水资源开发利用的重要基础依据,可评判出该地区的承载力及开发前景。以新疆白杨河谷地为研究对象,对研究区含水层组中的构造裂隙水、断层脉状水、第四系松散岩类孔隙水特征、地下水循环过程进行研究,同时基于2012年8月-2013年10月地下水动态监测资料,对第四系地下水水位动态变化特征进行评价分析。结果表明:(1)白杨河谷地区地下水含量极其丰富,尤其是第四系潜水具有很好的开发利用前景。(2)大气降水和冰雪融水是研究区地下水的主要补给来源,地下水降低主要是因机井开采、泉水溢出、潜水蒸发、植被蒸腾和侧向径流,不同区域地下水年龄更新周期存在较大差别。(3)地下水动态主要受气象水文因素影响,受人工开采的影响不大。研究区北部山前深埋带地下水埋深70~120 m,富水性好,渗透性强,地下水动态历时曲线表现为"波动型";中埋带主要分布在布尔阔台冲洪积平原中部、白杨河冲洪积平原TK10~TK16一带,远离山前暴雨洪流补给,地下水埋深适宜,渗透性较强,富水性较好,接近下游潜水—承压水区;浅埋带主要分布于莫合台、白杨河林场一带浅埋区,地下水水位动态曲线呈单谷型,年变化幅度比较平缓(一般小于1 m)。研究结论可充分掌握区域地下水承载能力,为远期水资源保护与科学开发提供参考依据。

The characteristics of groundwater system is an important basis for the development and utilization of water resources,which can judge the bearing capacity and development prospect of this area.In Xinjiang poplar valley as the research object,the aquifer in the studied area structural fissure water fault vein in the group Quaternary unconsolidated rock pore water features To study the groundwater cycle,at the same time,in October 2013 and August 2012-based dynamic monitoring data of groundwater,the quaternary system makes an analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the groundwater table.The results show that:(1) the groundwater content in Baiyang river valley is extremely rich,especially the quaternary submersible has a good prospect of development and utilization;(2) meteoric precipitation and ice and snow melt water are the main recharge sources of groundwater in the study area,the groundwater drainage discharged by mechanical wells,spring,evaporation,vegetation transpiration and side direction runoff.(3) Groundwater dynamics is mainly affected by meteorological and hydrological factors,but is not affected by artificial exploitation.The depth of groundwater in the burial depth zone in the northern part of the study area is 70~120 m,which is rich in water and has strong permeability.The dynamic duration curve of groundwater shows a fluctuating pattern.The middle buried zone is mainly distributed in TK10~TK16 of Baiyang river alluvial plain in the central part of Buerkuotai alluvial plain,far away from the front mountain rainstorm flood supply,the groundwater depth is suitable,the permeability is strong,the water is rich,and close to the downstream phreatic confined water area.The shallow buried zone is mainly distributed in the shallow buried area around Baiyang river Forest Farm in Mohetai.The dynamic curve of groundwater level shows a single valley type,and the annual variation range is relatively gentle(generally less than 1 m).The research results can fully grasp the regional groundwater carrying capacity and provide a reference for long-term water resources protection and scientific development.