辽宁省城市居民社区健康服务需求现况及影响因素分析

Demand and influencing factors of community health services among urban residents in Liaoning province

目的了解辽宁省城市居民对社区健康服务的需求情况及影响因素,为社区健康服务的工作开展和服务水平的提高提供科学依据。方法 2020年7月1日—11月20日,采用配额方便抽样法,对辽宁省沈阳、大连、鞍山、抚顺等14个城市1 351名居民进行问卷调查,获取有效问卷1 284份,进行数据描述统计及二分类logistic回归分析。结果辽宁省城市居民社区身体健康服务需求率(59.8%,768人)高于心理健康服务需求率(53.1%,682人)。年龄、社区居住时长、社区身体健康服务供给情况与身体健康服务需求之间的差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);年龄、社区居住时长、社区心理健康服务供给情况、文化程度与心理健康服务需求之间的差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论通过完善社区健康服务设施、差异化提供社区健康服务项目及创新社区健康服务方式等策略以全面提高社区健康服务水平、促进基层公共卫生体系建设。

Objective To investigate the status of demand for community health services and its influencing factors among urban residents in Liaoning province for providing references to the development of community health service.Methods Using quota convenient sampling and a self-designed questionnaire, we conducted a face-to-face/telephone interviews among 1 351 adult residents(≥ 18 years) from July 1 to November 20, 2020 in 14 municipalities across Liaoning province. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were adopted in data analyses. Results Of the 1 284 residents with valid responses, 59.8%(768) reported the demand for community physical health service, higher than that(53.1%, 682)reporting the demand for community mental health service. Among the respondents, the reported demand for community physical and mental health service differed significantly by age, time of living in a community and the supply of health services in communities(P < 0.05 for all);and education level was a significant impact factor for demand of community mental health service(P < 0.05). Conclusion In Liaoning province, community health service could be promoted through improving grass-roots public health system and relevant facilities and developing differentiated community service items.