原油直接催化裂解过程模拟与工艺参数优化

Simulation of the Crude Oil Direct Catalytic Cracking Process and Optimization of Process Parameters

针对国内成品油过剩、基本化工原料匮乏的现状,采用原油直接催化裂解工艺最大化利用原油资源,提高基本化工原料收率。先采用Aspen HYSYS软件对原油直接催化裂解(COCC)工艺进行稳态模拟,再以原油预热温度、提升管出口温度、关键产物回炼比为优化变量,对COCC过程模型的工艺参数进行了优化,得到了COCC工艺的最佳工艺操作参数。模拟结果表明,采用优化后的工艺参数,乙烯和丙烯收率分别为11.46%和19.65%。以布伦特原油价格60 USD/bbl(1 bbl=159 L)及其对应的产品价格为基准,对优化后的COCC工艺进行经济效益分析,COCC加工大庆原油的成本为3285 CNY/t,净利润为885 CNY/t,年税后净利润为13.28×10^(8)CNY。敏感性分析结果表明,原油价格波动对项目的年净利润影响最大,其次是关键产物乙烯和丙烯的价格波动,生产负荷和固定资产投资对装置的年净利润影响较小。

In view of the current situation of surplus product oil and shortage of basic chemical raw materials in China,the direct catalytic cracking process of crude oil is adopted to maximize the utilization of crude oil resources and improve the yield of basic chemical raw materials.Firstly,the Aspen HYSYS software was used to simulate the direct deep catalytic cracking(COCC)process of crude oil.Then,the process parameters were optimized by taking the preheating temperature of crude oil,outlet temperature of riser and recycle ratio of key products as optimization variables,and the optimal operation parameters were obtained.The simulation results show that with the optimized process parameters,the yields of ethylene and propylene are 11.46%and 19.65%,respectively.Based on the Brent crude oil price of 60 USD/bbl(1 bbl=159 L)and its corresponding product price,the economic benefit of the optimized COCC process is analyzed.The production cost of COCC process is 3285 CNY/t,the net profit is 885 CNY/t,and the annual after tax net profit is 1.328×10^(9) CNY/a.The results of sensitivity analysis show that crude oil price fluctuation has the greatest impact on the annual net profit of the project,followed by the price fluctuation of key products ethylene and propylene,and the impact of production load and fixed asset investment on the annual net profit of the unit is relatively small.