氢气储运技术的发展现状与展望

Current Status and Prospects of Hydrogen Storage and Transportation Technology

随着世界能源危机和环境污染的不断加剧,推动清洁能源革命已成为世界能源产业未来发展的重要趋势。近年来,中国对新能源产业的发展日益重视,尤其是对氢能产业的开发力度日益增大。在未来,氢能有望在推动中国能源结构改革、保障国家能源安全等方面扮演越来越重要的角色,并可能在能源、化工、交通等领域引起一系列变革。在氢能产业发展过程中,高效、低成本的氢气储运技术是实现大规模用氢的必要保障。目前,氢气的典型储运方式主要包括高压气态储运、低温液态储运、有机液态储运和固态储运技术等。综述了各储氢技术的研究现状,并在对不同氢气储运技术进行综合对比分析的基础上,对中国未来氢气储运技术的发展方向做出展望。

With the aggravation of energy crisis and environmental pollution,clean energy revolution has become an important trend in the future.In recent years,China has paid increasing attention to the new energy resources,especially hydrogen energy.In the future,hydrogen energy is expected to play a more and more important role in the reform of China’s energy structure and strategy of national energy security,and it also can lead to vigorous revolution in the areas of energy,chemical industry and transportation.To make it possible for large-scale commercial application,it is necessary to develop efficient and low-cost hydrogen storage and transportation technology.At present,the main typical hydrogen storage and transportation modes including gas phase at high pressure,liquid phase at low temperature,liquid organic hydrogen carriers(LOHC)and solid carrier.In this article,research progress of different hydrogen storage technologies was reviewed and summarized.Based on the comprehensive comparison of different hydrogen storage and transportation technologies,future development strategies for hydrogen storage and transportation technologies in China were proposed.