新冠肺炎患者心理状态评估及应对方式探讨

Psychological state assessment and coping strategy discussion for patients with coronavirus disease 2019

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)定点医院住院患者心理状况,并探讨其应对方式。方法采用抑郁症筛查量表(PHQ-4)对本病区所有住院患者进行心理评估,并根据影响心理状态的原因采取相应的应对方式。结果共收集82名新冠肺炎患者的心理评估信息,PHQ-4评估量表得分0~2分(正常)13例,占比15.9%,3~5分(轻度抑郁)32例,占比39.0%,6~8分(中度抑郁)36例,占比43.9%,9分以上(重度抑郁)1例,占比1.2%。不同性别在PHQ-4问卷各选项得分中存在差异:做事缺乏兴趣(t=2.889,P=0.004),感到不安、担心及烦躁(t=3.776,P=0.001),不能停止或无法控制担心(t=2.22,P=0.029),总分(t=3.52,P=0.001),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对82名新冠肺炎患者心理抑郁状况单因素分析结果显示,性别(Z=3.803,P<0.001)是影响患者抑郁程度的因素之一。“担心疾病预后”(17.5%)、“目前无特效药,觉得自己好不了”(11.2%)、“饮食不合口味”(8.8%)、“担心家人健康”(7.5%)等是影响患者心理状态的主要原因。结论新冠肺炎患者存在不同程度的心理抑郁状态,医护人员应制定针对性的心理指导方案,帮助患者顺利度过心理危机,促进患者疾病康复。

Objective To investigate the psychological status of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in a designated hospital,and to discuss the coping strategies.Methods The Patient Health Questionnaire-4(PHQ-4)was used for psychological evaluation for all patients in the inpatient area.Coping strategies were taken based on their psychological issues.Results A total of 82 patients with COVID-19 were surveyed for psychological condition.There were 13 cases(15.85%)with a PHQ-4 score of 0~2 points(normal),32(39.02%)with 3~5 points(mild depression),36(43.9%)with 6~8 points(moderate depression),and 1(1.23%)with>9 points(severe depression).Male and female patients had significant differences in the scores of the following PHQ-4 items:little interest or pleasure in doing things(t=2.889,P=0.004),feeling nervous,anxious,or on edge(t=3.776,P=0.001),not being able to stop or control worrying(t=2.22,P=0.029),and total score(t=3.52,P=0.001).The univariate analysis of the psychological status of the 82 patients showed that sex was one factor affecting the degree of depression(Z=3.803,P<0.001).The main reasons influencing patients’psychological state included“I am worried about the prognosis of the disease”(17.5%),“Since there is no specific medicine at present,I don’t think I can get better”(11.2%),“The diet doesn’t suit my taste”(8.8%),and“I am worried about the health of my family”(7.5%).Conclusion Patients with COVID-19 have varying degrees of depression.Medical staff should provide targeted psychological guidance to help patients overcome the psychological crisis and promote their recovery.