加拿大档案封闭期制度的特征与启示

2020年新修订《档案法》第四章"档案的利用和公布"对我国档案开放利用工作提出了新的要求,其中将档案封闭期从30年缩短到25年的规定,对档案机构而言既是机遇也是挑战。文章运用网络调查法和内容分析法,对加拿大档案封闭期制度进行考察,通过对加拿大联邦内阁、国家图书档案馆和省级档案馆的法律与政策文本的解读,归纳出加拿大档案封闭期制度在服务理念树立、法律政策衔接、开放利用监督与考核、公私档案类别区分、个人信息保护和数字信息资源开放等6个方面的鲜明特征,并结合我国当前实际情况提炼出对应6个方面的经验启示。

The fourth chapter of the newly revised"Archives Law"in 2020"the utilization and publication of archives"puts forward new requirements for the opening and utilization of archives in China,in which the provision of shortening the closed period of archives from 30 years to 25 years is both an opportunity and a challenge for archives institutions.By using the methods of network survey and content analysis,the author investigates the Canada’s archives closed period system.Through the interpretation of the laws and policies of the federal government,LAC and the Provincial Archives in Canada,it concludes the following distinctive features in six aspects of Canada’s archives closed period system:the establishment of service concept,the convergence of laws and policies,the supervision and assessment of open utilization,the classification of public and private archives,the personal information protection and the digital information resources opening,and combined with the current actual situation in China to extract the corresponding six aspects of empirical enlightenment.