教育现代化进程中教师职业的现代性危机及其化解

Modernity Crisis of Teachers'Profession in the Process of Educational Modernization and Its Resolution

教育现代化在促进教师职业的运行机制、组织不断进化的同时诱发了教师职业的现代性危机。已有的研究较多关注宏大叙事层面的制度建成和体系完善,忽视了教师职业群体对于现代性的精神回应。教师职业现代化发展过程中存在诸多矛盾,具体表现为:职业的有限契约与教师普世情怀之冲突;职业的工具理性与教师育人追求之冲突;职业的制度依赖和制度不完善之冲突;职业的技术冲击与技术崇拜之冲突。由此透视,教师职业现代性的精神内核是工具理性、公共秩序和主体意识。现代性自反是化解教师职业的现代性危机的重要思路,要划定公私域界限,瓦解身份制度强化契约关系;要打破理性主义对于教师生活的殖民封锁,允许传统文化和个体经验的介入调和;要实现制度重组,使职业技术制度、职业伦理制度和职业法律制度衔接形成一个良性闭环;重塑教师的公共精神,取得个体合理性和职业群体合理性的平衡。

Educational modernization not only promotes the operating mechanism and organization of the teacher profession,but also induces the modernity crisis of the teacher profession.Previous studies pay attention to establishment and improvement of the system at the grand narrative level,and ignores the spiritual response of teachers'professional groups.There are many contradictions in the development of teachers^professional modernization,the conflict between the limited contract of profession and teachers^universal feelings;the conflict between the instrumental rationality of profession and the pursuit of teacher education;the conflict between the system dependence of occupation and the imperfect system;the conflict between professional technology shock and technology worship.The spiritual core of teachers'professional modernity is instrumental rationality,public order and subject consciousness.Modernity reflexivity is an important way.We should delimit the boundary between public and private,disintegrate the identity system and introduce the contractual relationship.We should break the blockade of teachers'life by rationality and allow the intervention and reconciliation of traditional culture and individual experience.It is necessary to realize the reorganization to system,so as to make the professional technology system,professional ethics system and professional legal system to a good closed loop.We should reshape teachers'public spirit and achieve the balance between individual rationality and professional group rationality.