合并糖尿病危重症患者应用肠内营养的护理对策研究

Study on the Nursing Strategy of Enteral Nutrition for Critically Ill Patients with Diabetes

目的总结合并糖尿病危重症患者应用肠内营养的护理方法,分析护理效果。方法对该院于2019年1月—2020年10月收治的100例合并糖尿病危重症患者进行研究,根据就诊顺序进行分组,各50例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施肠内营养护理。比较两组患者护理前后血糖指标、营养状况、并发症发生率。结果观察组患者护理前空腹血糖(7.11±0.32)mmol/L、糖化血红蛋白(7.62±0.34)%与对照组(7.06±0.29)mmol/L、(7.58±0.31)%相比,差异无统计学的意义(t=0.615、0.819,P>0.05);观察组患者护理后空腹血糖(5.71±0.22)mmol/L、糖化血红蛋白(5.69±0.41)%明显低于对照组(6.43±0.17)mmol/L、(6.78±0.45)%,差异有统计学意义(t=12.660、18.311,P<0.05);观察组患者护理前ALB(32.15±0.64)g/L、AMC(20.08±0.52)cm、Hb(110.23±10.64)g/L、TSF(14.28±1.54)min与对照组(32.12±0.58)g/L、(20.15±0.57)cm、(110.87±10.55)g/L、(14.39±1.49)min比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.246、0.642、0.302、0.363,P>0.05);观察组患者护理后ALB(43.52±2.41)g/L、AMC(24.12±0.34)cm、Hb(141.49±10.27)g/L、TSF(15.57±0.42)min高于对照组(35.02±2.36)g/L、(22.09±0.37)cm、(117.68±10.22)g/L、(14.79±0.33)min,差异有统计学意义(t=25.091、28.566、11.620、10.325,P<0.05);护理期间观察组患者并发症发生率为2.00%低于对照组的18.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.111,P<0.05)。结论合并糖尿病危重症患者应用肠内营养护理能够明显改善机体高血糖、营养不良状况,能够减少并发症的发生。

Objective To summarize the nursing methods of enteral nutrition for critically ill patients with diabetes and analyze the nursing effect.Methods 100patients with critical diabetes who were admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were selected.The patients were divided into groups according to the order of treatment,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing care,and the observation group was given enteral nutrition nursing.The blood glucose index,nutritional status,and complication rate of the two groups of patients before and after nursing were compared.Results The fasting blood glucose(7.11±0.32)mmol/L and glycosylated hemoglobin(7.62±0.34)%of the observation group before nursing were not significantly different from those of the control group(7.06±0.29)mmol/L and(7.58±0.31)%,the difference were not statistically significant(t=0.819,0.615,P>0.05);the fasting blood glucose(5.71±0.22)mmol/L and glycosylated hemoglobin(5.69±0.41)%of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(6.43±0.17)mmol/L,(6.78±0.45)%,the difference were statistically significant(t=18.311,12.660,P<0.05).ALB(32.15±0.64)g/L,AMC(20.08±0.52)cm,Hb(110.23±10.64)g/L,TSF(14.28±1.54)min before care of patients in the observation group and the control group(32.12±0.58)g/L,(20.15±0.57)cm,(110.87±10.55)g/L,(14.39±1.49)min,the difference were not statistically significant(t=0.246,0.642,0.302,0.363,P>0.05);observation ALB(43.52±0.41)g/L,AMC(24.12±0.34)cm,Hb(141.49±10.27)g/L,TSF(15.57±0.42)min after nursing in observation the group were higher than those in the control group by(35.02±2.36)g/L,(22.09±0.37)cm,(117.68±10.22)g/L,(14.79±0.33)min,the difference were statistically significant(t=25.091,28.566,11.620,10.325,P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group during nursing(2.00%)was lower than that of the control group 18.00%,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.111,P<0.05).Conclusion The use of enteral nutrition care for critically ill patients with diabetes can significantly improve the body's hyperglycemia and malnutrition,and can reduce the occurrence of complications.