轻度认知障碍与2型糖尿病关系的研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Type 2 Diabetes

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)是以记忆减退、认知障碍为主要表现的神经退行性疾病,是一个连续的病理生理过程。轻度认知障碍(MCI)是介于正常与痴呆之间的一种过渡状态,是AD发展过程中的一个阶段。2型糖尿病(T2DM)是以胰岛素分泌不足或抵抗导致高血糖为特征的慢性代谢性疾病,可引起多种组织和器官的结构和功能上的改变,也包括中枢神经系统。研究表明,T2DM是MCI和AD的独立危险因素。该文就MCI与T2DM的病理生理、影像学改变及治疗等方面进行综述,以期为两种疾病的预防及治疗提供新的思路,为AD的早期发现与诊治提供新的线索。

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease with memory loss and cognitive impairment as the main manifestations,and it is a continuous pathophysiological process.Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is a transitional state between normal and dementia,and is a stage in the development of AD.Type 2 diabetes(T2DM)is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insufficient insulin secretion or resistance to hyperglycemia.It can cause structural and functional changes in a variety of tissues and organs,including the central nervous system.Studies have shown that type 2 diabetes is an independent risk factor for MCI and AD.This article reviews the pathophysiology,imaging changes and treatment of MCI and type 2 diabetes,in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of the two diseases,and provide new clues for the early detection,diagnosis and treatment of AD.