藜麦ASR基因家族的生物信息学分析

Bioinformatics Analysis of ASR Gene Family in Quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa)

ASR基因(脱落酸,胁迫,成熟诱导基因)普遍存在于种子植物中,多以基因家族的形式存在,作为糖、脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)和胁迫信号通路的共同成分,在植物生长发育、果实成熟和抵御胁迫等方面发挥着重要的作用。为了探究ASR基因家族在藜麦中发挥的功能,本研究在藜麦全基因组数据和蛋白质组数据中查找到19条ASR基因,其编码氨基酸数目在98~235 aa之间,分子量介于11015.73~24485.48 kD之间,等电点在5.04~9.96之间,除XP_(0)21735625.1之外,所有序列均含有2个外显子和1个内含子。另外,藜麦ASR蛋白均为亲水蛋白,其中有9个蛋白不稳定系数小于40,最低值为21.25,具有较高的亲水性和热稳定性。根据亚细胞定位,藜麦ASR蛋白中有4个位于线粒体,其余位于细胞核,推测藜麦ASR蛋白在抵御胁迫和果实成熟上发挥重要的功能。通过构建保守序列标签,藜麦ASR蛋白有两个高度保守区域,一个为靠近N端的富含组氨酸区,一个为靠近C端富含丙氨酸的核定位信号区。通过进化分析,将藜麦ASR蛋白分为Group A~D四组,每组蛋白的二级结构和三级结构相似,保守基序相同,推测发挥相同的生理功能,而组与组之间结构差异较大,推测执行不同的生理功能。本研究通过理化性质分析、进化分析、结构预测等对藜麦ASR基因家族的性质、结构、功能进行了分析和预测,为后续对藜麦ASR基因家族功能的深入研究提供了一定的理论依据。

ASR genes(Abscisic acid,stress,mature-induced genes) widely exist in seed plants,mostly in the form of gene family.As a common component of sugar,abscisic acid(ABA) and stress signaling pathway,ASR genes play an important role in plant growth and development,resistance to stress and fruit ripening.In order to explore the function of ASR gene family in quinoa,19 ASR genes were found in the whole genome data and proteomic data of quinoa.Among the amino acids encoding them,we found that the length ranged from 98 aa to 235 aa,the molecular weight ranged from 11 015.73 kD to 24 485.48 k D,the isoelectric point ranged from 5.04 to 9.96.Except XP_(0)21735625.1,all sequences contained two exons and one intron.In addition,ASR proteins of quinoa were all hydrophilic proteins,and nine proteins had instability coefficients less than 40,the lowest value was 21.25,so they have high hydrophilicity and thermal stability.Subcellular localization analysis confirmed that four proteins were located in mitochondrion and the rest in the nucleus.It is speculated that ASR proteins of quinoa play an important role in resisting stress and fruit ripening.By constructing conserved sequence tags,ASR protein of quinoa had two highly conserved regions,one was histidine rich region near the N-terminal and the other was alanine rich nuclear localization signal region near the C-terminal.Through evolutionary analysis,ASR proteins of quinoa were divided into four groups,Group A~D.The secondary structure and tertiary structure of each group of proteins were similar,and the conserved motifs were the same,so it is speculated that they play the same physiological function,while the structure differences between groups were large,so it is speculated that they perform different physiological functions.In this study,the properties,structures and functions of ASR gene family in quinoa were analyzed and predicted through physical and chemical properties analysis,evolution analysis and structure prediction,which provides a theoretical basis for further research on the function of ASR gene family in quinoa.