秦乐府“司乐”职能的衍生及其成因与意义

The Origin and Significance of the Music Bureau of Managing Music and Dance in the Qin Dynasty

秦乐府建立之初的职能如何,一般会笼统认为它是音乐的管理机构,而学界也未予深究。本文认为秦乐府最初只是生产、铸造、发放乐器的机构,在秦平定六国的过程中,以及在春秋时期以来新乐兴盛等多种因素的作用下,秦乐府才在原有的职能之外,增衍出"司乐"的职能,成为满足王室需求、功能完善的音乐机构。秦乐府的这一扩权为汉代礼乐建设提供借鉴,意义重大。

The function of Music Bureau in the Qin Dynastyat the beginning is generally regarded as the music management organization,but people inacademia have not delved into it deeply. This paper holds that the Music Bureau was only an institution forproducing,casting and distributing musical instruments at first.In the process of calming down the six states,and under the influence of many factors such as the prosperity of new music since the Spring and Autumn Period,the Music Bureau developed the function of managing music and dance in addition to its original functions,and became a well-fledged music institution that met the needs of the royal family. It is of great significance to provide reference for the construction of rites and music in the Han Dynasty.