弗协调视域中的否定、矛盾律和爆炸原理

Negation,the Law of Non-Contradiction,and the Explosion Principle in Paraconsistent Logic

否定、矛盾律和爆炸原理是讨论弗协调逻辑与经典逻辑二者关系的核心概念。从弗协调逻辑的角度看,经典否定只是自然语言否定的一种模型,自然语言否定还有其他的模型,例如取消模型、弗协调保守模型、弗协调激进模型等,其中,弗协调保守模型是自然语言否定的最佳描述。矛盾的定义大致分为语义、语法、语用、本体论四种,不同的矛盾定义导致不同的矛盾律,考察弗协调逻辑在什么意义上否认矛盾律就是逐个考察各弗协调逻辑流派是否否认这四种矛盾律。爆炸原理有不同的形式,如果把它视为区分弗协调逻辑和经典逻辑的决定性因素,则{A,?A}├B是爆炸原理的最恰当形式。

Negation,the law of non-contradiction,and the explosion principle are the core concepts for discussing the relationship between paraconsistent logic and classical logic.From the view of paraconsistent logic,the classical negation is nothing but a model of the natural language negation,and there are other models of the natural language negation,such as the cancellation model,the paraconsistent conservative model,and the paraconsistent radical model.The paraconsistent conservative model is the most appropriate explanation for the natural language negation.The definitions of contradiction can be roughly divided into four kinds:semantic,syntactic,pragmatic,and ontological.Different definitions of contradiction give rise to different laws of non-contradiction.To investigate in what sense the law of non-contradiction is denied in paraconsistent logic is to investigate whether each school of paraconsistent logic denies these four laws of non-contradiction.The explosion principle has various forms.If it is regarded as the decisive factor that distinguishes paraconsistent logic from classical logic,the{A,?A}├B is the most appropriate form of the explosion principle.