FDI对中国制造业行业二元式创新的影响——行业市场化水平和外资进入速度的调节作用

The Impact of FDI on Ambidextrous Innovation in China’s Manufacturing Industry--The Moderation Effect of the Level of Industry Marketization and the Speed of FDI

基于二元创新理论观点,利用2008~2016年中国制造业27个行业面板数据,采用负二项回归模型检验FDI对内资企业二元式创新的影响,并研究了行业市场化水平和外资进入速度的调节作用。结果表明:FDI对二元式创新存在显著的正向影响,但对利用式创新的影响程度要高于探索式创新;行业市场化水平增强了FDI对探索式创新的溢出效应,外资进入速度弱化FDI对探索式创新的影响;考虑FDI与二元式创新之间的非线性关系以及不同来源地的外资对二元式创新的影响差异,即FDI与二元式创新呈倒"U"型关系;西方外资对二元式创新存在显著的正向影响,而港澳台资金只对利用式创新存在显著的正向影响。

Based on the ambidextrous innovation theory, this paper empirically tests the impact of FDI on ambidextrous innovation, and analyzes the moderation effect of the level of Industry Marketization and the speed of FDI by a negative binomial regression model, by the panel data from 27 industries in China’s manufacturing industry from 2008 to 2016. Results show that FDI has a significant positive impact on ambidextrous innovation, but it has a stronger impact on exploitation innovation than exploratory innovation. At the same time, the level of industry marketization has strengthened the technological spillover effect of FDI on exploratory innovation, and the speed of FDI has weakened the effect of FDI on exploratory innovation. In addition, it also considers the non-linear relationship between FDI and ambidextrous innovation, and the difference in the impact of FDI from different sources on the ambidextrous innovation, that to say, FDI has an inverted U-shaped relationship with ambidextrous innovation. Western foreign direct investment has a significant positive impact on both ambidextrous innovation, while foreign direct investment from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan only has a significant positive effect on exploitatire innovation.