昆虫氨基酸转运蛋白的分类与功能

Classification and Functions of Insect Amino Acid Transporters

氨基酸是一类在生物体内参与蛋白质合成、细胞生长调节等生理功能的重要小分子物质,也是一些重要生理活性物质的前体。氨基酸的跨膜转运受氨基酸转运蛋白的调节,氨基酸转运蛋白通常能够转运具有相似结构的多种氨基酸。昆虫的氨基酸转运蛋白可分为8个家族,在营养吸收、物质转运、神经系统调节、信号途径调控和病毒感染等方面具有多种重要功能。本文简要综述昆虫氨基酸转运蛋白的分类和功能,为家蚕和其他昆虫的生理及病理研究提供参考。

Amino acid is the basic nutrient unit for protein synthesis and cell growth. It is also the important metabolic intermediates that promote a variety of cell functions. The transmembrane transport of amino acids is regulated by amino acid transporters, which are usually capable of transporting a variety of amino acids with similar structures. In insects, amino acid transporters can be divided into eight families. Insect amino acid transporters have a variety of significant functions in nutrient absorption, material transport, nervous system regulation, signal pathway regulation, virus infection and so on. This article briefly reviews the classification and functions of the amino acid transporters of the insects, and we hope it will give researchers insights into the physiology and pathology of silkworm and other insects.