添食生物活性物质对柞蚕5龄幼虫消化吸收率及生命力的影响

Effects of Feeding Bioactive Substances on Digestibility and Vitality of the 5th Instar Larva of Antheraea pernyi

以室内饲育的柞蚕5龄幼虫为材料,研究添食几种生物活性物质对柞蚕消化吸收率及生命力的影响,筛选对柞蚕消化吸收率或生命力有促进作用的活性物质的种类、浓度及使用方法。结果表明:碱性木聚糖酶和枯草芽孢杆菌对提高柞蚕消化吸收率有显著效果,12 g/L枯草芽孢杆菌和0.5 g/L碱性木聚糖酶添食7 d,消化吸收率分别比对照提高24.47%和22.40%;碱性木聚糖酶、枯草芽孢杆菌、壳寡糖3种生物活性物质对柞蚕结茧率和产茧性状无显著影响,但对健蛹率有显著影响,0.5 g/L碱性木聚糖酶添食9 d,健蛹率比对照降低17.58%,0.5 g/L壳寡糖添食7 d,健蛹率比对照提高5.36%。枯草芽孢杆菌、壳寡糖、添食时间的正交试验表明:12 g/L枯草芽孢杆菌和0.5 g/L壳寡糖混配添食3 d,柞蚕消化吸收率最高(25.93%),且添食时间对消化吸收率的影响最大。

The effects of several bioactive substances on the digestibility and vitality of tussah were studied by using the 5 th instar larva of Antherea pernyi indoors, and the types, concentrations and application methods of bioactive substances that can improve the digestibility and vitality of tussah were selected. The results showed that xylanase and Bacillus subtilis had a significant effect on the digestibility of tussah. The digestibility of tussah were 24.47% and 22.40% higher than that of the control after adding 12 g/L Bacillus subtilis and 0.5 g/L xylanase for 7 d, respectively. The xylanase, Bacillus subtilis and chitosan oligosaccharide had no significant effect on cocooning rate and cocoon-producing properties of tussah silkworm, but had significant effect on healthy pupa rate. The healthy pupa rate was 17.58% lower than that of the control group after adding 0.5 g/L xylanase for 9 d, and 5.36% higher than that of the control group after adding 0.5 g/L chitosan oligosaccharide for 7 d. The orthogonal experiment of Bacillus subtilis, chitosan oligosaccharide and feeding time showed that the highest digestibility of tussah(25.93%) was obtained when 12 g/L Bacillus subtilis and 0.5 g/L chitosan oligosaccharide were mixed and added for 3 d, and the feeding time had the greatest influence on digestibility.