案例教学法、以问题为导向教学法联合标准化患者教学模式在培养产科护理实习生临床实践能力中的应用

Application of CBL and PBL combined with SP teaching model in training clinical competence of obstetrical nursing students

目的了解案例教学法(case-basedlearning,CBL),以问题为导向的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)联合标准化患者(standardizedpatients,SP)教学模式在培养产科护理实习生临床实践能力中的效果。方法将2019年1月—2020年7月在某三甲综合教学医院产科的护理实习生随机分为2组:对照组(n=35)采用传统讲授法(lecture-based learning,LBL)教学模式进行带教,试验组(n=35)采用CBL、PBL联合SP教学模式进行带教。经过6周带教后,统一进行出科考核和带教满意度调查,比较两组学生的差异。结果两组护理实习生出科时理论成绩、技能操作、病例分析和平均成绩均高于入科时成绩(均P<0.05),但试验组护理实习生各项成绩的提升程度明显高于对照组(均P<0.05);其中,试验组本科护理实习生各项成绩的提升程度明显高于专科及中专护理实习生(均P<0.05),专科与中专护理实习生相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),对照组本科护理实习生仅有技能操作成绩提升程度高于专科及中专护理实习生(P<0.05)。试验组护理实习生对教学方法的评价及认可度均高于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论CBL、PBL联合SP教学模式可有效培养产科护理实习生的临床实践能力。

Objective To study the effect of application of CBL(Case-based learning)and PBL(Problem-based learning)combined with SP(Standardized patients)teaching model in training clinical competence of obstetrical nursing students.Methods Nurses in internship at obstetric department in one tertiary general teaching hospital were randomly divided into 2 groups from January2019 to July 2020.The control group(n=35)was taught with traditional LBL(lecture-based learning),and the experimental group(n=35)was taught with CBL and PBL combined with SP.Six weeks later,test scores and degree of satisfaction were assessed between two groups.Results The theoretical scores,operational skills,case analysis and average scores in both groups were higher compared with those at recruitment(P<0.05),but the experimental group improved more than the control group(P<0.05).Within the experimental group,all scores of undergraduate students improved significantly more than those of students in junior college and technical secondary school(P<0.05),but no difference was found between students in junior college and technical secondary school(P>0.05).Within the control group,only operational skill scores of undergraduate students were higher than those of students in junior college and technical secondary school(P<0.05).Appraisal and acceptance of teaching methods were more positive in experimental group than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion CBL and PBL combined with SP can effectively improve clinical competence of obstetrical nursing students.