透明质酸酶在恶性肿瘤中的研究进展

Research progress of hyaluronidase in malignant tumors

透明质酸酶是可以特异性降解透明质酸的一类糖苷酶,主要有6个种类,其中对透明质酸酶-1(HYAL-1)与透明质酸酶-2(HYAL-2)的研究较深入,它们在不同肿瘤中的作用不同。HYAL-1和HYAL-2具有作为诊断恶性肿瘤的生物标志物的潜能,尤其在结直肠癌、胰腺癌、膀胱癌及前列腺癌等常见恶性肿瘤中相对传统生物标志物具有更高的特异性和敏感性。另有研究表明,透明质酸酶可辅助化疗药物增强药物的疗效。透明质酸酶在恶性肿瘤中既有扮演促癌角色也有扮演抑癌角色。本文对透明质酸酶在恶性肿瘤中的作用机制进行综述,有望为恶性肿瘤的早期诊断、早期治疗以及预后判断提供新方法。

Hyaluronidase is a type of glycosidase that can specifically degrade hyaluronic acid(HA).There are mainly 6 types,among which hyaluronidase-1(HYAL-1)and hyaluronidase-2(HYAL-2)has a more in-depth study and has different roles in different tumors.HYAL-1 and HYAL-2 have the potential to be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of malignant tumors,especially in common malignant tumors such as colorectal cancer,pancreatic cancer,bladder cancer,and prostate cancer.Compared with traditional biomarkers,they have higher specificity and sensitivity.Other studies have shown that Hyaluronidase can assist chemotherapy drugs to enhance the efficacy of drugs,hyaluronidase plays both a role in promoting cancer and a role in suppressing cancer in malignant tumors.This article reviews the mechanism of Hyaluronidase in malignant tumors,which is expected to provide a new method for early diagnosis,early treatment and prognosis of malignant tumors.