基于马斯洛需求层次理论的医患关系研究

Research on doctor-patient relationship based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory

目的分析医患双方不同的个人需求状况,为促进医患关系和谐发展提供参考。方法抽取天津市某综合性三甲医院的103名医务人员和100名住院患者进行问卷调查,并抽取6名医务人员和6名患者进行非结构式访谈。结果通过方差分析,研究发现不同性别的医务人员在生理需求上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同工龄的医务人员在生理需求、爱与归属需求和尊重需求上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同科室的住院患者在各个基本需求上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论想要医患关系和谐发展,医院需要加强人文建设,为医患双方搭建良好的沟通平台。根据医患双方的不同需求,打造有针对性的就医环境和科室文化。此外,政府要站在宏观的角度上,调整人们心态,把握舆论方向,为医患关系和谐发展提供保障。

Objective To provide reference for promoting the harmonious development of doctor-patient relationship by analyzing the different personal needs of doctors and patients. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 103 medical staff and 100 inpatients from a comprehensive third-class hospital in Tianjin,and 6 medical staff and 6 patients were selected for unstructured interviews. Results Through analysis of variance,it was found that there was significant difference in physiological needs between medical staff of different genders(P <0.05);there were significant differences in physiological needs,the needs of love and belonging and respect needs among medical staff of different working ages(P<0.05). There were significant differences in basic needs among inpatients in different departments(P <0.05). Conclusion For the harmonious development of the doctor-patient relationship,hospitals needed to strengthen humanistic construction and build a communication platform for both doctors and patients,and to create a targeted medical environment and department culture according to the different needs of doctors and patients. In addition,the government must adjust the peoples’ mentality from a macro perspective,grasp the direction of public opinion,and improve guarantee for the harmonious development of the doctor-patient relationship.