唐文治的经学“大义”及其对汉宋、中西的会通

Tang Wenzhi’s"Great Meaning"of Confucian Classics and Reconciliation of Han-Song and Sino-West

现代经学面临两个突出的挑战:第一个是如何处理经学内部长期存在的汉宋之争;第二个是如何回应西方科学方法的挑战。作为晚清民国之际江南地区著名的教育家和经学家,唐文治对这两个问题提出了创造性的回应。他的治经方法旨在超越汉宋之争而回归孔子,在"孔门家法"的旗帜下,他以孔子及孔门经说"大义"为归,既超越了汉宋,也会通了汉宋。面对西方科学的冲击,唐文治吸收西方科学的研究方法,提出通过经义分类对经书展开专门研究,发掘经书中的专门知识以与西方科学展开对话。唐文治的治经方法不但旨在会通汉宋,而且试图会通中西。在这两个方面,唐文治堪称传统经学自我整合与现代革新的一个典范。

There were two major challenges to traditional Confucian classics studies in modern scholarship.The first is to reconcile the long-standing Han-Song controversy;the second is to respond to the impact of the methodology of Western scientific research.As a famous educationist and scholar in Jiangnan area during the late Qing Dynasty,Tang proposed creative responses to these two challenges.His methodology of Confucian classics studies aimed at returning to Confucius,and therefore,reconciling the Han-Song controversy and communicating the Sino-Western learning.In the name of Confucius,Tang reconciled Han-Song controversy by advocating to pursue the"great meaning"of Confucian classics.Moreover,Tang promoted new means of classics studies by introducing the methodology of Western scientific research.Tang’s method of governing the Classics not only aimed to communicate with Han and Song dynasties,but also attempted to communicate with China and the West.At these two points,Tang’s theory can be regarded as a model of self-integration and modern innovation of traditional Confucian classics.