新型基础设施建设的减排效应及其作用机制研究

Research on the Emission Reduction Effect and Its Mechanism of New Infrastructure Construction

新型基础设施建设是美丽中国建设和绿色发展转型的应有之义。本文基于2004~2019年中国30个省(区、市)面板数据,以“规模-技术”的减排效应为传导路径,运用GS2SLS和逐步回归法,探析“新基建”与工业污染排放的作用机制。结果表明:(1)新基建能够显著降低工业污染排放,且信息、融合和创新基础设施的抑制作用逐渐增强;(2)信息基础设施完全通过工业规模扩张和工业技术进步间接抑制工业污染排放;(3)融合和创新基础设施不仅通过工业技术进步间接抑制工业污染排放,还能直接抑制工业污染排放,不过工业技术进步效应对直接减排效应具有减速作用。基于此,提出提高自主创新能力、推动转变经济增长方式和加快新旧基建融合创新等建议。

The new infrastructure construction is the true meaning of the beautiful China construction and the green transfor⁃mation.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2019,this paper chooses the emission reduction effect of scale-technology as the transmission path,uses the GS2SLS and the stepwise regression method to explore the mediation effect be⁃tween new infrastructure and industrial pollution emissions.The results show that:(1)the new infrastructure construction could significantly reduce industrial pollution emissions,and the inhibitory effect of the information infrastructure、integration infrastruc⁃ture and innovation infrastructure was gradually enhanced;(2)the information infrastructure indirectly inhibits industrial pollution emissions through industrial scale expansion and technological advancement;(3)the integration infrastructure and innovation infra⁃structure can not only indirectly inhibit industrial pollution emissions through industrial technological advancement,but also directly inhibit industrial pollution emissions,although the effect of industrial technological progress could slow down the direct emission re⁃duction effect.Based on these,suggestions are made to improve independent innovation capabilities,transform mode of economic growth and accelerate the integration and innovation of new and old infrastructure.