团体心理辅导对提升高水平运动员应对自我效能的随机对照研究

A randomized controlled study of effect of group counseling on improving coping self-efficacy of high-level athlete

为了探讨团体心理辅导对提升高水平运动员应对自我效能水平的有效性及可行性,采用高水平运动员应对自我效能问卷选取40名低自我效能水平的高水平运动员,将其随机分到团体心理辅导组(辅导组)和对照组,每组各20人。辅导组接受11单元团体心理辅导(每5天1次,每次2个单元,每个单元90分钟),对照组处于常态。结果发现:组内比较结果显示,辅导组成员在团体心理辅导后的应对自我效能总均分较之前得到了显著提升,且应对自我效能三个维度的得分也较之前有显著提升,对照组应对自我效能总均分前后测分数没有产生显著差异;组间比较结果显示,团体心理辅导后,辅导组应对自我效能总均分显著高于对照组,各维度得分均高于对照组,但差异未达到统计学标准。综上,团体心理辅导可以提升高水平运动员的应对自我效能水平。

To study whether the group counseling can effectively improve the level of coping self-efficacy in high-level athlete,totally 40 high-level athlete with low level of coping self-efficacy were screened with the Coping Self-efficacy Questionnaire of High-level Athlete,and completed the grouping counseling.They were randomly assigned to the psychological counseling group and the control group,with 20 people in each group.The psychological counseling group received 11 units counseling sessions(1 session per 5 days,2 units per session,90 minutes each unit),while the students in control group didn’t receive psychological counseling.Results showed that:Through within-group comparison,it was found that the total mean score of Coping Self-efficacy Questionnaire of High-level Athlete was significantly increased than before in the counseling group,and the three dimensions’score of coping self-efficacy were significantly increased too,while there was no significant difference in the total mean score of Coping Self-efficacy Questionnaire of High-level Athlete between the baseline and post-intervention in the control group.Through intra-group comparison,it was found that the total mean score of Coping Self-efficacy Questionnaire of High-level Athlete was higher in the counseling group than in the control group after group counseling.Though each dimension sore of counseling group was higher than the control group,there was no significant difference in each dimension sore between the counseling group and the control group.It suggests that group counseling could improve the level of coping self-efficacy in high-level athlete.