乡村振兴背景下农村居民适度养老金水平测算

Calculation on the Appropriate Pension Level of Rural Residents under the Background of Rural Revitalization

农村居民享有适度的养老金水平对于防止老年贫困、实现乡村振兴具有十分重要的意义,但长期以来,农村居民基本养老金一直处于较低水平,已成为乡村振兴中需要迫切解决的重大理论与现实问题。本文以陕西省为例,界定了农村居民基本养老金适度水平的内涵和外延,在比较分析测算方法的基础上构建了农村居民基本养老金适度水平测算模型,并运用统计数据对农村居民基本养老金适度水平进行测算。研究发现,目前陕西省农村居民基本养老金水平严重偏低,与本文测算的适度水平差距较大,在考虑土地养老保障时仍不能保障农村居民的基本养老需求。据此提出建立农村居民基础养老金正常调整机制,改革个人账户缴费方式,强化政府财政保障能力,拓展新型农村社会养老保险基金来源渠道,充分发挥土地和家庭的养老保障功能等对策建议。

A moderate level of pension for rural residents is of great importance to prevent old age poverty and to achieve rural revitalization.However,for a long time,the basic pensions for rural residents has been at a low level,which has become a major theoretical and practical problem that needs to be urgently solved in rural revitaliation.Taking Shaanxi province as an example,this paper defines the connotation and extension of the appropriate level of basic pensions for rural residents,establishes a model for measuring the appropriate level of basic pensions for rural residents on the basis of comparative analysis and measurement methods,and statistical data is used to assess the basic pensions for rural residents.The study finds that the current level of basic pensions for rural residents in Shaanxi province is seriously low,differing greatly from the moderate level measured in this paper,and still fails to guarantee the basic old-age needs of rural residents when considering land-based pension security.Accordingly,countermeasures such as establishing a normal adjustment mechanism for rural residents’basic pensions,reforming the payment method of rural residents’individual accounts,strengthening the government’s financial guarantee capacity,expanding the channels of new rural social pension insurance funds,and giving full play to the land and family based old-age pension security are proposed.