湖北省不同产区土壤营养状况对柑橘爱媛28号品质的影响

The influence of soil nutrient status on Ehima No.28 quality in Hubei province

以柑橘新品种爱媛28号为试材,于2019年分析了湖北省不同产区15个果园的果实品质,测定了果园土壤的营养元素含量。结果表明,供试果园爱媛28号果实品质存在明显差异,单果重、果皮厚、果实横径和果实纵径差异较大,可溶性固形物含量(TSS)范围为10.23%~14.13%;可滴定酸含量(TA)范围为0.47%~1.06%;维生素C(Vc)含量范围为27.17~48.22 mg/100 g;固酸比值范围11.9∶1~30.1∶1。试验果园土壤营养状况也存在较大差异,土壤有机质(OM)、碱解N和有效Zn含量基本在适宜范围内,大部分果园土壤速效P和速效K含量过高,所有果园的土壤有效Fe、有效Mn和有效Cu含量均超出适宜范围,土壤交换性Ca和交换性Mg的含量相差较大,土壤有效B和有效Mo含量普遍较低;相关性分析表明,果实中的TSS跟土壤有机质含量呈显著正相关,土壤中有效B的含量与单果重、果实横径和纵径均呈显著正相关,Vc含量与土壤中交换性Ca含量呈显著负相关,果皮厚与土壤有效Cu含量显著负相关,土壤中碱解N与速效K含量呈显著正相关,土壤有机质OM和交换性Mg的含量呈显著正相关,进一步说明新品种爱媛28号果实的品质受到土壤营养状况的影响而存在显著差异,同时土壤中各种元素之间也存在互相作用。

Taking Ehima No.28,a new citrus variety as the test material,the fruit quality of 15 orchards in different producing areas in Hubei province was analyzed in 2019,the soil nutrient element content of the orchards was determined.The results showed that there were obvious differences in fruit quality between Ehima No.28 in the test orchard,including single fruit weight,thick skin,transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter.And total soluble solid content(TSS)ranging from 10.23%to 14.13%;The titratable acid content(TA)ranges from 0.47%to 1.06%;The content of vitamin C(Vc)ranged from 27.17 to 48.22 mg/100 g.The solid acid ratio ranges from 11.9∶1~30.1∶1.Test orchard soil also had different nutritional status,soil organic matter(OM),alkaline hydrolytic N and effective Zn content in appropriate range,the content of rapidly-available P and rapidly-available K in most orchards was excessive,all orchard soil effective content of Fe,Mn and Cu effectively were beyond the appropriate range,the content of soil exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg is large,the soil effective B and Mo content is generally low;Correlation analysis showed that the fruit of TSS was significantly positive correlation with soil organic matter content,effective B content in the soil with the transverse diameter of fruit weight,fruit and longitudinal diameter was significantly positively related to both,Vc content and exchangeable Ca content in soil was significantly negative correlation,the skin thickness and soil effective Cu content is significantly negative correlation,alkaline hydrolysis N and available K content in soil was significantly positively related to soil organic matter content of OM and exchangeable Mg was significantly positively,this further indicates that the fruit quality of the new variety Ehima No.28 is significantly different under the influence of soil nutritional status,and various elements in the soil also interact with each other.