近代小说里的新闻世界:信息为王与审美迷失

The News World in Modern Novels:Information Is King and Aesthetic Gets Lost

清末民初,小说家偏爱选取同时代新闻作题材,形成了小说依靠新闻信息展示现实世界的创作模式。新闻的热点选择和言说立场影响了近代小说的创作,使其确立了跟随新闻同声应和的互文性写作策略、百科全书式的叙事风格和通俗教科书的创作主旨。然而,这种由新闻信息支撑起的表象现实,既无力将近代小说的书写重心由叙事转向写人,也无法扭转近代小说工具主义的叙事立场,更打碎了小说创作的艺术原真性,使其沦为毫无艺术光晕的新闻复制品。因此,在新闻影响下忘却了审美纬度,仅依靠认识纬度和伦理纬度而存在的近代小说,虽然实现了干预现实的社会功能,却无法完成小说审美的现代性转型。

In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,novelists preferred to choose contemporary news as the subject matter which made their novels rely on news information to show the real world.Influenced by hot news and news narrative,the modern Chinese novels formed an inter-textual writing strategy by following the news,an encyclopedic narrative style and a theme of popular textbooks.However,this superficial reality supported by news information failed to change the focus of modern novels from narrative to human,and was also unable to reverse the narrative stance of instrumentalism in modern novels.Even more,it shattered the artistic originality of the modern Chinese novels which made press copies without any artistic halo.Because of the news,the information and ethics of modern Chinese novels are far beyond their aesthetic value.Thus,although the news enhanced fiction’s ability to intervene in the reality,they could not have completed the modern transformation of the aesthetic of Chinese novels.