“5A”护理模式在维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果分析

Analysis of the Application Effect of"5 A"Nursing Model in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

目的分析维持性血液透析患者应用“5A”护理模式的效果。方法随机选取2018年3月—2020年2月该院收治的100例维持性血液透析治疗≥3个月的患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为两组,每组50例。对照组施行常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上增加“5 A”护理模式,对比两组护理前后的心理状态、自我管理能力、生活质量及护理满意度。结果两年后,护理前两组焦虑自评表(SAS)分值、抑郁自评表(SDS)分值比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.182、0.178,P>0.05)。护理后观察组SAS、SDS均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=12.724、21.232,P<0.05)。护理后观察组患者伙伴关系(2.98±0.56)分、解决问题(2.85±0.56)分、情绪处理(2.70±0.55)分、自我护理(2.82±0.45)分各项自我管理能力均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.514、6.262、9.350、5.143,P<0.05);观察组生理、心理、运动评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者护理总满意度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论“5A”护理模式促成医护患及时有效地沟通,有效改善血液透析患者的心理支持,减少透析并发症的发生,患者的透析质量与生活质量得到明显的提高,并对提高透析质量及患者满意度具有积极作用。

Objective To analyze the effect of"5 A"nursing model in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods 100 patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis for≥3 months in the hospital from March 2018 to February 2020 were randolmy selected as the research objects.They were randomly divided into two groups,with 50 cases in each group.The control group performed routine nursing,and the observation group added a"5A"nursing model on the basis of routine nursing.The mental state indicators before and after,Self management ability,quality of life and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared.Results After 2 years,there was no significant difference in the scores of self rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self rating depression scale(SDS)between the two groups before nursing(t=0.182,0.178,P>0.05).After nursing,SAS and SDS in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=12.724,21.232,P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of partnership(2.98±0.56)points,problem solving(2.85±0.56)points,emotional processing(2.70±0.55)points and self-care(2.82±0.45)points in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=3.514,6.262,9.350,5.143,P<0.05);the scores of physiology,psychology and exercise in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total nursing satisfaction of patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The"5A"nursing model promotes timely and effective communication between doctors,nurses and patients,effectively improves the psychological support of hemodialysis patients,reduces the occurrence of dialysis complications,and significantly improves the quality of dialysis and quality of life of patients,and has a positive effect on improving the quality of dialysis and patient satisfaction.