《太一生水》自然法思想研究

The Concept of Natural Law in Tai Yi Sheng Shui

宇宙论和政治哲学是黄老文献中紧密相连的两个方面。《太一生水》前后两部分的主要内容分别是由“太一”展开的宇宙创生过程和“太一”在现实当中的运行方式。这种叙述的真正含义是人事要遵循的超越性道理。在《太一生水》前半部分的宇宙论叙述里蕴含着政治哲学含义,具体体现在“太一藏于水,行于时”一句,此句蕴含了“无为”和“因循”的原则。《太一生水》后半部分“托其名”一句表示以天道为人事的思想内涵。由此可见,在《太一生水》中,政治哲学的思想内在于宇宙论,而政治哲学的叙述里又将其理论根据回溯到宇宙论。《太一生水》的此种理论可称为自然法思想。

Cosmology and political philosophy are two closely related aspects in Huang-Lao School's literature.The first half and the second half of Tai Yi Sheng Shui are separately about the creation of the universe from"Tai Yi(太一,supreme oneness)"and its mode of work in reality.The fundamental implication of it is the transcendence that should be followed by people and things.First of all,the political philosophy meaning contained in the first half of Tai Yi Sheng Shui is embodied in the sentence"Tai Yi hides in the water and works by following the changes of time",which implies the principle of Wu Wei(无为)and the principle of Yin Xun(因循).Secondly,in the second half of Tai Yi Sheng Shui,the sentence of“Tuo qi ming(托其名)”expresses the idea of doing things by following the natural law.Thus,in Tai Yi Sheng Shui,the thought of political philosophy lies in cosmological context and in its narration,and its theoretical basis is traced back to cosmology.This theory of Tai Yi Sheng Shui can be also called the concept of natural law.