土壤病原微生物对青藏高原草地退化的潜在反馈影响

Potential Feedback Effects of Soil Pathogenic Microorganisms on Grassland Degradation on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau

青藏高原是我国甚至整个亚洲地区重要的生态安全屏障。由于气候变化、过度放牧等原因,青藏高原高寒草地生态系统退化显著,严重影响了青藏高原生态安全屏障功能的发挥。尽管国内外很多学者从不同角度开展了青藏高原草地生态系统相关研究,但是,目前对青藏高原草地退化的现状、形成机制和对生态系统各要素影响等的认识还存在不足,尤其是草地退化过程中土壤病原微生物的变化过程及其对草地退化的反馈影响还处于起步阶段。因此,通过从青藏高原草地退化现状及形成机制,退化对植物、土壤和微生物的影响,尤其是植物演替-病原微生物以及土壤退化-病原微生物的相互关系层面,扼要综述当前对青藏高原草地退化的认识,以便进一步推动我国退化草地恢复的相关研究,服务国家生态安全屏障战略。

The Qinghai Tibetan Plateau is an important ecological security shelter zone for China and e-ven the whole Asian region.Due to the climate change and overgrazing,the alpine grassland ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau is under significant degradation,resulting in considerable ecological problems in China,and affecting its shelter function.Although plenty of studies focusing on the grassland ecosys-tem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau have been conducted from different perspectives,there are still knowl-edge gaps in our understanding of the current situation of grassland degradation on the plateau and the cor-responding mechanisms.In addition,we still know little about the impacts of grassland degradation on e-cosystem processes,especially the response of soil pathogenic microorganisms to degradation and their feedback effects.Therefore,this paper summarized the current understanding of grassland degradation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from different aspects,including current situation of grassland degradation and the corresponding mechanisms,the effects of degradation on plants,soil,and microorganisms,espe-cially the plant pathogenic microorganisms,to further promote the research on grassland restoration and construction of the national ecological security shelter zone in China.