“互联网+”背景下制造企业动态能力的演化机制研究——以海尔集团的发展为例

Research on the Evolution Mechanism of Dynamic Capabilities of Manufacturing Enterprises under the Background of“Internet+”——Take the development of Haier Group as an example

通过对海尔集团1998—2021年的纵向案例研究,考察“互联网+”背景下制造企业动态能力的演化规律,在与互联网融合的不同阶段,动态能力3个维度(市场感知能力、资源整合能力、创新变革能力)的变化及特征。研究发现:在与互联网融合的不同阶段,3个不同维度在动态能力构成中的主导作用不同,从由市场感知能力维度为主导到以创新变革能力维度为主导,实现企业平台化转型。结果表明:在海尔集团与互联网融合的过程中,随着企业的不断发展以及互联网信息技术的深入应用,企业动态能力逐渐递增。在企业与互联网融合的不同阶段,动态能力的不同维度发挥主导作用,其中,在与互联网融合的初级阶段,企业信息化程度不高,正在尝试进行数字化变革,动态能力主要表现为市场感知能力,而在服务化转型及平台化转型阶段,创新变革能力占主导地位。在海尔集团与互联网融合发展的不同阶段,动态能力3个维度的变化趋势存在差异,协调整合能力的变化幅度最小。

Through a longitudinal case study of Haier Group from 1998 to 2021,the paper examines the evolution of dynamic capabilities of manufacturing companies under the background of“Internet+”,and the changes and characteristics of three dimensions of dynamic capabilities(market perception,resource integration)Ability,innovation and change ability at different stages of integration with the Internet,.The study found that at different stages of integration with the Internet,three different dimensions play a different role in the composition of dynamic capabilities,from market perception as the leading dimension to innovation and transformation capabilities as the leading dimension to achieve enterprise platform transformation.The results show that:In the process of Haier Group’s integration with the Internet,with the continuous development of the enterprise and the in-depth application of Internet information technology,the dynamic capabilities of the enterprise gradually increase.At different integration stages of the enterprise and the Internet,different dimensions of the dynamic capabilities play a leading role.In the initial stage of integration with the Internet,enterprises are not highly informatized and are trying to carry out digital transformations.Dynamic capabilities are mainly manifested in market perception capabilities.In the service transformation and platform transformation stages,the ability to innovate and change is dominant.At different stages of the integration and development of Haier Group and the Internet,there are differences in the changing trends of the three dimensions of dynamic capabilities,and the change in coordination and integration capabilities is minimal.