少/无氨氮助剂在活性染料深色印花中的应用

Application of low/non-ammonia additives in reactive deep printing

为研制具有高得色性能的活性染料深色印花专用少/无氨氮助剂,比较了不同印花助剂的吸湿性、对棉纤维的溶胀性和对活性染料的促溶性,并探讨了助剂结构与上述性能之间的内在关联。优选具有优良性能的助剂进行复配,用于棉织物活性深色印花。结果表明:各种助剂中,丙三醇具有最佳的吸湿性,1,4-丁二醇对棉纤维的膨化最强,酰胺类助剂对活性翠蓝K-GL的促溶最好;当丙三醇和1,4-丁二醇的质量比为2∶8时,无氨氮复配助剂在棉织物活性翠蓝深色印花上的得色性能远高于市售尿素替代剂391-H,略高于尿素水平,且在活性红、橙、蓝和黑染料印花中均具有良好的印制性能,能够有效降低印花废水中的氨氮含量。

In order to develop the low/non-ammonia additives with high color performances in reactive deep printing,this research started by comparing the hygroscopicity,ability to swell,and ability to solubilize reactive dyes of different printing additives,and the internal relationships between the structures of additives and the above properties were explored.The additives with the above-mentioned properties were compounded for reactive deep printing on cotton fabrics.The results showed that among different types of additives,glycerol demonstrated the best hygroscopicity,1,4-butanediol showed the best swellability to cotton fiber,and the amides exhibited the best solubility to Reactive Turquoise K-GL.When the mass ratio of glycerol and 1,4-butanediol was 2∶8,the color performances of the non-ammonia nitrogen compound on the reactive turquoise deep printing of cotton fabrics were much higher than those of the commercial alternative 391-H and slightly higher than using urea as additive.Good printing performances with reactive red,orange,blue and black dyes were achieved,enabling the reduction of the ammonia-nitrogen content in the printing wastewater.