土力学教学过程中创新意识的培养--以有效应力原理为例

目前土力学本科生教学过程中涉及的理论以饱和土为研究对象的较多,地球表面非饱和土普遍存在,忽视了土体非饱和状态的存在,从而导致传统饱和土的相关理论与实际工程之间存在较大的偏差。文章以有效应力原理为例,首先更新和扩展了有效应力原理的内容,采用“提出问题-分析问题-解决问题”启发式教学方式,同时通过学习有效应力原理表达式的更新过程,将与时俱进的创新元素引入课程思政教学过程中。上述采用先介绍一般情况再介绍特殊情况的教学方式,降低了学生接受知识的难度,同时提高了学生认识事物的能力和解决问题的创新意识。

At present,the theories involved in the teaching process of soil mechanics for undergraduate students are mostly focused on saturated soil.The unsaturated soil on the earth surface is common,and the unsaturated state of soil is ignored.As a result,there is a large deviation between the traditional theory of saturated soil and the actual engineering.Taking the teaching content of effective stress principle as an example,the paper first updated and expanded the content of the effective stress principle,using"ask questions-analysis problem-problem solving"heuristic teaching methods.At the same time by learning principle of effective stress expression of the update process,the innovation elements to keep pace with the times is introduced into the course education in the teaching process.Adopting the above teaching method of first introducing the general situation and then introducing the special situation reduces the difficulty for students to accept knowledge,and at the same time,it improves the students'ability to understand things and the innovation consciousness to solve problems.