基于多源遥感数据的京津冀环境质量动态监测

Investigating Environmental Changes in the Areas of Beijing-Tia njin-Hebei Based on Multi-source Remote Sensing Data

基于PM_(2.5)(Fine Particulate Matter)浓度、地表温度(Land Surface Temperature,LST)、归一化植被指数(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI)、植被覆盖度(Vegetation Coverage,VC)、土地利用等数据,借助综合评价指数(Comprehensive Evaluation Index,CEI),本文对2000―2015年京津冀环境质量进行了评估。结果表明:京津冀整个地区,CEI呈逐步退化和退化的面积分别占34.88%和4.15%,主要位于东南部的天津,河北邢台、邯郸等地。京津冀城市建成区,CEI呈退化和逐步退化的比例分别达到54.80%和25.87%。46.76%和39.86%的城市扩张用地的环境质量分别呈现逐步退化和退化状态。京津冀ΔLST值呈现西北、东南低,中部高的分布态势,ΔPM_(2.5)和ΔVC均呈现从东南向西北减小的趋势。相关分析表明ΔPM_(2.5)、ΔVC和ΔLST的变化对城市建成区及其城市扩张用地的环境质量有显著影响,其中ΔPM_(2.5)浓度变化是导致城市建成区及其扩张用地环境质量恶化的最主要因素。

Based on the fine particulate matter concentration data,land surface temperature data,normalized difference vegetation index data and land use data,this study developed a comprehensive evaluation index and evaluated urban environment changes in administrative region,urban built-up area and urban expansion area of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2015.Results show that:Environmentally moderately degraded and degraded areas account for 34.88%and 4.15%,and mainly located in the Tianjin,Xingtai and Handan.The area of environmental deterioration and moderately deterioration account for 54.80%and 25.87%of built up area in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.46.76%and 39.86%of the total expanded urban areas from 2000 to 2015 show environmental moderately environmental and degradation.The normalized changes in LST show the low in northwest-southeast and high in central part of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,and the normalized changes in PM_(2.5) and vegetation coverage show a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest.The correlation analysis show that the change of ΔLST,ΔPM_(2.5) and ΔVC had a significant impact on the urban environmental quality changes of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.The significant increase of the PM_(2.5) in the air is the one of the main manifestation for the environmental quality degradation of the built up area and expanded urban areas in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei from 2000 to 2015.