天然植物基染料提升色牢度的研究进展及展望

Research progress and prospect of color fastness of natural plant-based dye

为推动天然植物基染料的产业发展,针对植物基染料染色牢度的研究现状,采用文献分析法从改性前处理、染料提取工艺优化、染色工艺优化、固色后整理以及几种方法的组合使用等5个方面,结合使用后色牢度等级的提升情况,分析了多种方法的适用范围及应用研究现状,并对未来天然植物基染料的发展方向进行了展望。研究表明:在染色过程中添加媒染剂是最常用来提升染色牢度的方法,其比改性前处理和固色后整理的方法适用范围更广,比染色工艺优化的方法更简便,媒染剂可使耐摩擦色牢度和耐皂洗色牢度等提升1~2级。天然植物基染料及其染色是符合未来环保、健康的消费趋势,既要加强天然染料、媒染剂的研究开发,也要从市场推广、品牌建立、校企合作等多方面着手。

In order to promote the industrialization of natural plant-based dyes,the methods of improving the color fastness of plant dyes were reviewed.The application scope and research status of various methods were analyzed in terms of modification pretreatment,dye extraction process optimization,dyeing process optimization,color fixing finishing and their combinations.Results show that mordant is the most commonly used method to improve color fastness in dyeing process,which is more suitable than modification pretreatment and finishing,and more convenient than the method of dyeing process optimization.It can also improve color fastness to friction and soap washing by 1-2 grade.Natural plant-based dyes and their dyeing is in line with the future environmental protection,health consumption trend,not only to strengthen the research and development of natural dyes and mordants,but also to promote the industrialization of natural plant-based dyes through ways such as market promotion,brand establishment and cooperation between schools and enterprises.