民族地区傩书写本研究--以湘黔边区傩书写本为例

Research on the Value of Nuo Written Text Documents in Ethnic Areas--Taking Nuo Writing in Hunan and Guizhou Border Area as an Example

傩文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,有着十分厚重的历史积淀,不同区域及不同民族地区均存在表现形式不尽相同的傩文化习俗。湘黔边区作为傩文化的重要传承区域,遗存着大量的傩书写本,主要分为傩戏文本、傩技文本、巫医文本三大类,在傩文化传承发展过程中,充分发挥了模式化、系统化、规范化等作用。成书于不同年代的傩书写本呈现的时代特征不尽相同、不同民族聚居区域流传的傩书写本也相应地融入了各民族传统文化、不同抄录者在传抄过程中因对汉字的把握程度不同使得一些方言词汇及土俗字存在于傩书写本之中,这些特征成为研究区域历史文献、民族文化融合的重要依据。

Nuo culture plays an important part in traditional Chinese civilization,and it is rich in history.Different regions and different ethnic settlements have different forms of expression of Nuo cultural practices.As a significant inheritance area of Nuo culture,the Hunan and Guizhou border area boasts a large number of surviving Nuo books,mainly could be divided into 3 categories:Nuo opera text,Nuo technology text,and witch doctor text,which gives full play to the role of modeling,systematization and standardization in the process of Nuo cultural heritage development.In fact,Nuo book written in different eras presents diversified characteris⁃tics of the times;people living in distinct Nuo regions have also correspondingly integrated their custom into it;because of the different degree of grasp of Chinese characters,some dialect vocabulary and native words exist in the Nuo book.Therefore,these features become an important basis for the study of regional historical docu⁃ments and ethnic cultural integration.