“通灵人”“另一个”与“现代性”——兼谈兰波诗学几个术语的汉译

“Voyant”,“Another”and“Modernity”--On Chinese Translation of Some Terms in Rimbaud's Poetics

“诗人是通灵人”“我是另一个”“必须绝对现代”,是构成兰波诗学主张的三根支柱,体现了兰波现代性的全部内涵。兰波的诗歌不再现现实,而是通过书写梦幻探索“未知”世界,因此通灵诗人实际上是对未知领域具有深刻感知力的人。“我是另一个”与中国文化中的“天成”“神助”不同,它要求诗人自觉于“我”的开发、挖掘和解构,因而成为法国现代诗歌的标识。兰波的现代性就是从否定走向否定,不使“创新”成为创新的障碍。综观兰波的全部创作,前期的作品具有某些象征主义的特征,而后期基本都与之无关,甚至是反象征主义的,因此他是“绝对现代”的诗人。

The three pillars of Rimbaud's poetic proposition remain in the following three sentences:"The poet must be a seer","I am another one"and"It must be absolutely modern",which show all modernity meanings of Rimbaud's works.Rimbaud explores the"unknown"world by creating illusion rather than reproduce reality.A poet-seer is actually a person with a deep perception of the unknown."I am another one"differs from God aid in Chinese culture.It becomes the symbol of modern French poetry because it requires the poet with an awareness of development,exploration and deconstruction of his"I".Rimbaud's modernity can go from negation to negation without innovating an obstacle to further innovation.In view of all his poems,previous poems have certain characteristics of symbolism,but poems of later periods are not symbolist,even tend to be anti-symbolist,so it is inexact to classify him as a symbolist poet,but a"absolutely modern"poet.