更微妙的语言--论查尔斯·泰勒对里尔克诗歌的诠释

The Subtler Language:Charles Taylor's Commentary on Rilke'Poetry

加拿大哲学家查尔斯·泰勒在《本真性的伦理》《自我的根源》《世俗时代》《语言动物》中曾就浪漫主义、后浪漫诗学的语言问题做过大量精彩论述。奥地利诗人里尔克的诗歌正是他展开讨论的一个重要底本。里尔克对语言的探索代表着浪漫诗人们对“新的语言”的探索,诗人们试图建立一种具有“建构性、启示性的语言”,以便重新与更高更深的事物接触。但其悖谬性也在于此,当后世俗时代中,诗歌失去了存在链条、神圣秩序的参照系,诗性语言变得极为脆弱。泰勒正是从后世俗视域出发,批评以里尔克为代表的后浪漫主义诗学的问题,并指出更为有效的解决之道:从个人独唱走向万物共鸣。

The Canadian philosopher Charles Taylor has discussed a lot about the romanticism and post-romantic poetry in The Ethics of Authenticity、Sources of the Self、A Secular Age and The Language Animal.And he used the poetry of the Austrian poet Rilke as an important fundamental text.From several chapters,it is found that Rilke's exploration of new language represents the romantic poets who attempted to establish a"constructive and apocalyptic language"in order to reconnect with higher and deeper things.However,the paradox is that the poetic language became extremely fragile when the poetry lost the reference system of chain and sacred order in the post-secular era.This leads to the conclusion that Taylor pointed out sharply the problem of Rilke,then he also suggests the poets sing with others take place to sing lonely.