光敏剂介导光动力杀菌在食品中应用的研究进展

Research progress of photosensitizer mediated photodynamic sterilization in food

食品的微生物污染是消费者、监管机构和食品工业目前需解决的主要问题。随着生活质量的提高,消费者对食品的感官和营养品质的需求促使食品加工商采用不影响食品品质的杀菌技术。光敏剂介导光动力杀菌是利用光照激发光敏剂,其激发态可以通过第一类氢原子提取或电子转移反应,或者通过第二类能量转移到基态分子氧(^(3)Σ^(-)_(g))形成单线态氧(^(1)Δ_(g))而与其周围环境有效地相互作用,其产生的活性物质(自由基和活性氧)将导致细菌细胞的氧化损伤和死亡。通过选取和使用适合的光敏剂和光照条件,光动力杀菌技术可以在不影响营养和感官特性的情况下有效杀灭微生物,保证食品安全。该综述介绍了光敏剂介导光动力杀菌技术的原理和影响食品中杀菌效果的因素,并比较了其与其他杀菌技术之间的优缺点。在此基础上,整理了由不同光敏剂介导的光动力杀菌技术在食品中的研究和应用,并对光动力杀菌技术进行了展望。

Microbiological contamination of food is a major issue that consumers,regulators and the food industry need to address today.With the improvement of the quality of life,consumers'demands for the sensory and nutritional quality of food have prompted food processors to adopt novel sterilization techniques that do not affect food quality.Photosensitizer mediated photodynamic sterilization is to use the light stimulates the photosensitizer,and then its excited state can be extracted by the first kind of hydrogen atom or electron transfer reaction,or through the second type of energy is transferred to the ground state molecules oxygen(^(3)Σ^(-)_(g))formation of singlet oxygen(^(1)Δ_(g))and interaction with its surrounding environment effectively.The active substances(free radicals and reactive oxygen species)will lead to bacterial cell oxidative damage and death.By selecting and using suitable photosensitizers and light conditions,photodynamic sterilization technology can effectively kill microorganisms without affecting nutritional and sensory characteristics.This review introduced the principle of photosensitizer mediated photodynamic sterilization and the factors that affect the sterilization effect in food.It also compared the advantages and disadvantages with other sterilization technologies.On this basis,the research and application of different photosensitizer mediated photodynamic sterilization technology in food were summarized,and the prospect of photodynamic sterilization technology was also discussed.