两种制备海藻糖的生物酶转化工艺技术

Two enzyme transformation technologies for trehalose production

海藻糖作为具有特殊生物保护功能的非还原性双糖,被广泛应用在食品、医药等各个领域。以双酶法和单酶法为代表的生物酶转化技术是制备海藻糖的研究热点。双酶法以淀粉为原料,在低聚麦芽糖基海藻糖合成酶和低聚麦芽糖基海藻糖水解酶的协同作用下,将直链淀粉转化成海藻糖。双酶法具有原料便宜易得、工艺较成熟、转化率较高等优点,是最早实现酶法工业化生产海藻糖的方法。单酶法直接利用海藻糖合酶将麦芽糖转化为海藻糖。单酶法因为具有反应过程易控、工艺流程简单、副产物少等优点而受到广泛关注。提高酶的耐高温性能及转化效率是目前2种方法的主要研究方向。随着蛋白基因工程领域的发展,生物酶的优化构建技术日趋成熟,为双酶法的进一步完善和单酶法的工业应用奠定了基础。

As a non-reducing sugar with special biological protection function,trehalose is widely used in food,medicine and other industries.Enzyme conversion technology represented by double-enzyme method and single-enzyme method is the current hotspot.Double-enzyme method is a technology that takes starch as raw material and converts amylose with a certain chain length into trehalose under the synergistic action of maltooligosyl trahalose synthase(MTSase)and maltooligosyl trahalose trahalohydrolase(MTHase).Double-enzyme method was originated in Japan with the advantages of low-cost raw materials,maturity technology and higher conversion rate.In single enzyme method,maltose directly converted to trehalose by trehalose synthase(TreS)has attracted wide attention because its reaction process is easily controlled,with simple process flow and less by-products.With the development of protein genetic engineering,the optimization construction technology of biological enzyme is becoming more mature.It lays the foundation for the further improvement of double-enzyme method and industrial application of single-enzyme method.