精神分裂症患者社会功能现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of social function status in patients with schizophrenia and its influencing factors

目的探讨精神分裂症患者社会功能现状及其影响因素。方法选取2018年8月至2020年8月于吉安市第三人民医院接受治疗的76例精神分裂症患者作为研究对象,参照社会功能量表(SFRS)评估患者社会功能情况,分析造成精神分裂症患者社会功能低下的影响因素。结果76例患者经SFRS评估后,社会功能低下31例,占40.79%;社会功能良好45例,占59.21%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(β=3.296,OR=27.000,95%CI=7.514~97.025)、住院次数≥3次(β=3.486,OR=32.667,95%CI=9.701~96.684)、锥体外系副反应评分高(β=2.749,OR=21.307,95%CI=6.226~53.281)均为造成精神分裂症患者社会功能低下的相关危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);疾病认知程度(β=-1.074,OR=0.342,95%CI=0.200~0.582)是精神分裂症患者社会功能的保护因素,疾病认知程度越高患者的社会功能越好(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论部分精神分裂症患者中存在社会功能低下状况,且女性、住院次数≥3次、锥体外系副反应评分高均为导致精神分裂症患者社会功能低下的危险因素,同时疾病认知程度是社会功能保护因素,临床可根据此实施针对性预防措施,以期提升患者社会功能。

Objective To explore the social function status in patients with schizophrenia and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 76 patients with schizophrenia who received treatment in Ji′an Third People′s Hospital from August 2018 to August 2020 were selected as the research objective.The social function of all patients was evaluated according to the social functional rafing scale(SFRS),and the influencing factors of low social function in patients with schizophrenia were analyzed.Results A total of 76 patents after SFRS assessment,there were 31 patients had low social function,accounting for 40.79%,and 45 patients had good social function,accounting for 59.21%.The results of logistic regression analysis test showed that female(β=3.296,OR=27.000,95%CI=7.514-97.025),hospitalization times≥3 times(β=3.486,or=32.667,95%CI=9.701-96.684),low degree of disease cognition(β=2.014,OR=15.796,95%CI=4.257-36.740),high score of extravertebral side effects(β=2.749,OR=21.307,95%CI=6.226-53.281)were the risk factors of low social function in patients with schizophrenia(OR>1,P<0.05).The degree of disease cognition(β=-1.074,OR=0.342,95%CI=0.200-0.582)was the protective factor of social function in patients with schizophrenia,the higher the degree of disease cognition,the better the social function of patients(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion A part of patients with schizophrenia have low social function,and female,hospitalization times≥3 times,low degree of disease cognition,high score of extravertebral side effects are the risk factors of low social function in patients with schizophrenia,at the same time,the degree of disease cognition is the protective factor of social function,targeted preventive measures can be implemented according to the risk factors in clinic,in order to improve the social function of patients.