爆炸碎片撞击立式拱顶储罐穿透行为的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of the Penetration Behavior of Explosive Fragments Impacting Vertical Dome Tank

化工园区储罐发生爆炸产生的碎片对周围设备产生极大威胁,在碎片击中并破坏目标储罐后,极易造成穿透失效。为研究立式拱顶储罐在小型碎片撞击下的穿透行为,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,采用光滑粒子动力学和有限元法相耦合(SPH-FEM)的方法,对立方体碎片(质量为62 kg)撞击立式拱顶储罐(容积为200 m^(3))的穿透过程进行数值模拟。结果表明:小型碎片撞击储罐的穿透行为是典型的局部化毁伤,较小的碎片初始动能转化为碎片和储罐的变形能;立方体碎片穿透罐壁的最低撞击速度为97 m/s,撞击穿透过程表现为挤压、破孔、穿透和惯飞4个典型阶段;碎片撞击速度越大,穿孔直径和所需的穿透能量越大;碎片撞击角越大,壁厚越大,穿孔直径和所需的穿透能量越大。

The fragments from the explosion of the storage tank in the chemical park poses a great threat to the surrounding equipment.After the fragments hits and destroys the target storage tank,it is very easy to cause penetration failure.In order to explore the penetration behavior of vertical dome tanks under impact of small fragments,ANSYS/LS-DYNA software was used,and the method of coupling smooth particle dynamics and finite element method(SPH-FEM)was used to numerically simulated the penetration process of cube debris(with mass of 62 kg)hitting a vertical dome tank(with volume of 200 m^(3)).The results show that the penetration behavior of small fragments hitting the tank is a typical localized damage.The initial kinetic energy of the smaller fragments is transformed into the deformation energy of the fragments and the tank.The minimum impact velocity of the cube fragments penetrating the tank wall is 97 m/s,and the impact penetration process is represented by four typical stages:extrusion,hole breaking,penetration and inertial flight.The greater the impact velocity of fragments is,the greater the diameter of the perforation and the required penetration energy are.The greater the impact angle of the fragments is,the greater the wall thickness is,the greater the perforation diameter and the required penetration energy are.