医用外科口罩实际佩戴时间对其防护性能的影响

Influence of Actual Wearing Time on the Protective Efficiency of Surgical Masks

文章研究了医用外科口罩的实际佩戴时间对非油性颗粒物过滤效率、细菌过滤效率及呼吸阻力的影响,为呼吸道传染流行病爆发期间防护物资的合理高效利用提供指导。40名成人志愿者被随机分为两组,分别佩戴两种符合YY 0469—2011《医用外科口罩》标准的口罩4、10、24、32、48 h,并在佩戴后的1 h内测试口罩的防护效率。结果表明,两种医用外科口罩的防护效率都随着佩戴时间的延长呈明显的下降趋势。实际佩戴32 h以后,非油性颗粒物过滤效率仍在60%以上,远高于标准要求的30%。实际佩戴10 h之后,细菌过滤效率在96.8%以上。基于以上结果,建议对于疫情中高风险地区,医用外科口罩的实际佩戴时间不超过10 h;对于疫情低风险地区,佩戴时间可延长至24 h。

The change in particle filtration efficiency(PFE),bacterial filtration efficiency(BEF),and respiratory resistance of surgical masks over actual wearing time were reported in this paper to provide guidance for the public to use masks rationally and efficiently during the outbreak of respiratory infectious diseases.Two types of surgical masks conformed with YY 0469-2011 Surgical Mask standard were selected for the tests.40 adult volunteers were divided into two groups randomly to wear these surgical masks for 4 h,10 h,24 h,32 h,and 48 h,respectively.And then the protective efficiency of the masks was tested within 1 h after wearing them.The results showed that the protective efficiency of these two surgical masks all declined significantly with the prolongation of wearing time.Thereinto,after 32 h of wearing,the PFE of the masks was still over 60%,which was far higher than the standard requirement(30%).After 10 h of wearing,the BFE of both masks could still be 96.8%.Based on the above results,the optimal time of medical surgical masks in medium or high-risk areas of coronavirus exposure should not exceed 10 hours;for low-risk areas,the wearing time can be extended to 24 hours.