广州市增塘水库浮游生物种群特征及水质评价

Characteristics of plankton population and water quality evaluation of Zengtang reservoir in Guangzhou

探讨广州市增塘水库浮游生物种群特征及水质现状,为水质安全监控提供基础资料。于2021年3—7月,运用环境流行病学现场调查采样方法,采集增塘水库浮游植物及浮游动物样本,分析其种群构成及丰度;采用Shannon-Weaver指数法分析水库浮游生物的多样性;采用Pielou指数法分析水库浮游生物的均匀度;基于上述指数对水库的水环境质量做出初步评价。本次调查共采集到浮游植物35种,隶属于5门27属。其中优势藻类为绿藻13种(37.15%),其次为蓝藻10种(28.57%);浮游植物丰度为29.00×10^(5) ind./L,其中硅藻门的丰度最大,为13.05×10^(5) ind./L。浮游动物共计14属19种,其中轮虫12种(63.16%),为优势种群,其次为桡足类5种(26.31%);浮游动物丰度为967 ind./L,其中轮虫丰度最大,为860 ind./L。浮游植物Shannon-Weaver H′为3.24,对应水质为清洁;浮游动物Shannon-Weaver H′为2.24,对应水质为轻度污染;浮游植物Pielou J′为0.63,对应水质为轻度污染;浮游动物Pielou J′值为0.53,对应水质为轻度污染。本次环境流行病学现场调查结果提示,广州市增塘水库水质目前处于轻度污染状态。

This study aimed to explore the characteristics of plankton population and the water quality of Zengtang reservoir in Guangzhou,and provide basic data for water quality monitoring.During the period from March to July 2021,the samples of phytoplankton and zooplankton in Zengtang reservoir were collected through field environmental epidemiological investigation,and their composition and abundance were analyzed;Shannon-Weaver Index was used to analyze the diversity of plankton in this reservoir.Pielou Index was used to analyze the uniformity of plankton in this reservoir;Based on the above indexes,a preliminary evaluation on the water environment quality of this reservoir was achieved.A total of 35 species of phytoplankton belonging to 5 phyla and 27 genera were collected in this survey.The dominant algae were 13 species of green algae(37.15%),followed by 10 species of cyanobacteria(28.57%);Phytoplankton abundance was 29.00×10^(5) ind./L,in which the abundance of diatom was 13.05×10^(5) ind./L,which was the largest one.There were 14 genera and 19 species of zooplankton,including 12 species of dominant Rotifers(63.16%),followed by 5 species of copepods(26.31%);The abundance of zooplankton is 967 ind./L,among which the abundance of rotifer is 860 ind./L,which was the largest one.The Shannon-Weaver H′value of phytoplankton was 3.24,and the corresponding water quality was clean;The Shannon-Weaver H′value of zooplankton was 2.24,and the corresponding water quality was slightly polluted;The Pielou J′value of phytoplankton was 0.63,and the corresponding water quality was slightly polluted;The Pielou J′value of zooplankton was 0.53,and the corresponding water quality was slightly polluted.The results of this field environmental epidemiological investigation suggest that the water quality of Zengtang reservoir in Guangzhou is in a state of slight pollution.