法教义学视角下的环境监管失职罪

Crime of negligence of environmental supervision from the perspective of legal dogma

刑法通过设置环境监管失职罪间接保护生态环境法益,但对该罪的构成要件进行系统解析,发现其存在主体范围过窄,难以与新修订的污染环境罪等罪名匹配适用等问题。要想环境监管失职罪再次充分发挥效能,就必须从法教义学视角出发,将该罪的入罪标准从实害犯认定转变为行为犯的认定;适当调整“环境监管失职”的时代内涵,并将该罪的主体范围从“国家机关工作人员”拓展至“国家工作人员”,从而调整该罪的入罪范围,进一步实现对生态环境的有效保护。

The criminal law indirectly protects the legal interests of ecological environment by setting up the crime of dereliction of duty of environmental supervision.However,through a systematic analysis of the constitutive elements of the crime,it is found that its subject scope is too narrow,and it is difficult to match the newly revised crime of environmental pollution and other charges.In order to make the crime of negligence of environmental supervision give full play to its effectiveness again,it is necessary to change the incrimination standard of the crime from the identification of actual harm crime to the identification of behavior crime from the perspective of legal doctrine.The connotation of“neglect of environmental supervision”should be adjusted appropriately,and the subject scope of the crime should be expanded from“state organ staff”to“state staff”,so as to adjust the scope of the crime and further realize the effective protection of the ecological environment.