农村家庭劳动力职业代际流动性测度及驱动因素分析——基于家庭农场的实证研究

Measurement of Occupational Intergenerational Mobility of Rural Family Labor Force and Analysis of Driving Factors:An Empirical Study Based on Family Farms

职业代际流动性是判断社会流动水平的标准之一,也是衡量经济效率与社会公平的重要依据。基于家庭农场微观调研数据,实证分析农村家庭劳动力职业代际流动性及其驱动因素。结果表明:农村家庭劳动力职业代际流动水平较低;父母职业层次与子女职业代际流动显著正相关,但这种流动体现为职业向下流动;农村家庭劳动力在职业流动方面存在集聚现象,父母从事个体劳动、商业经营以及村镇管理,其子女的职业也普遍是这三种,而父母为农业劳动者或非农行业工人,其子女的职业普遍也为这两种。父母受教育程度与子女职业向上流动正相关,与职业向下流动负相关。此外,子女使用互联网、拥有非农工作经历以及较高的受教育程度可显著促进其职业向上流动,但已婚会显著阻碍其职业向上流动。

Occupational intergenerational mobility is one of the criteria for judging the level of social mobility,and it is also an important basis for measuring economic efficiency and social equity.Based on the micro survey data of family farms,empirical analysis of rural family labor force intergenerational mobility and its driving factors are conducted.The results show that:the level of occupational intergenerational mobility of rural family labor is low;the parents'occupational level and their children's occupational intergenerational mobility are significantly positively correlated,but this mobility is reflected in the downward mobility of occupations.Rural family labor force has agglomeration in terms of occupational mobility.Parents are engaged in self-employed labor,business operations,and village and town management,and their children generally have these three occupations;while parents are agricultural laborers or non-agricultural workers,their children's occupations are generally Both of these.Parents'educational level is positively correlated with the upward mobility of their children's occupation,and negatively correlated with the downward mobility of their children.In addition,children's use of the Internet,non-agricultural work experience,and better education can significantly promote their career upward mobility,but being married will significantly hinder their career upward mobility.