铝/改性氟橡胶复合燃料的制备及应用

Preparation and Application of Al/Modified-fluororubber Composite Fuel

为提高铝粉的燃烧效率,以自制的硅烷改性氟橡胶(FKM-GW)为包覆剂,采用溶胶凝胶法,制备了铝/改性氟橡胶复合燃料(FKM-GW@Al),研究了FKM-GW@Al在溶剂中的稳定性,以及不同氟含量的FKM-GW@Al对NEPE高能低燃速固体推进剂的影响。通过DSC-TG研究了FKM-GW@Al以及含FKM-GW@Al的推进剂的热分解性能,分析了FKM-GW@Al对推进剂燃烧性能的影响机制。结果表明具有功能性基团的FKM-GW@Al不易脱覆,在乙酸乙酯中的稳定性较强。与纯Al粉相比,含氟(质量分数)2.58%的FKM-GW@Al,使推进剂的爆热由6348.8 J·g^(-1)提高至6831.6 J·g^(-1),残渣活性铝含量由1.02%降至0.06%,推进剂的静态燃速和动态燃速均降低。

In order to improve the combustion efficiency of Al powder,Al/modified-fluororubber composite fuel(FKM-GW@Al)was prepared with the silane modified-fluororubber(FKM-GW)by sol-gel method.The stability of FKM-GW@Al in solvent was studied,and the results show that with functional groups,the FKM-GW@Al is stable in ethyl acetate.The application of FKM-GW@Al in NEPE high-energy and low burning-rate solid propellant was studied.Results show that compared with Al pow-der,FKM-GW@Al with fluorine mass fraction 2.58%,make the explosion heat of the propellant increase from 6348.8 J·g^(-1) to 6831.6 J·g^(-1),the content of activated aluminum in residues decreased from 1.02%to 0.06%,and both the static and dynamic burning rates of the propellant containing FKM-GW@Al decrease.The thermal decomposition properties of FKM-GW@Al and the propellant containing FKM-GW@Al were studied by DSC-TG,and the influence mechanism of FKM-GW@Al on combustion characteristics of the propellant was analyzed.