弗劳恩霍夫模式对高校科技创新及成果转化的启示

The Enlightment of University Science and Technology Innovation and Achievement Transformation Based on Fraunhofer Model

我国高校科技成果转化起步较晚,与西方发达国家仍存差距。德国的科技创新机构起步早,成果转化机制较为成熟,其中极具代表性的机构是弗劳恩霍夫协会。该协会重视多领域、多单位的合作,擅长建设联合创新平台及为企业、行业提供技术发展方向。介绍该协会主要特点及其运营模式,在分析该模式创新机制的基础上,结合国情提出我国高校科技创新及成果转化的一些差异化发展策略。

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements in Chinese universities started late,and there is still a gap between China and western developed countries.German scientific and technolog⁃ical innovation institutions have an early start and a mature achievement transformation mechanism,among which Fraunhofer Association is the most representative one,which attaches importance to multi⁃field and multi⁃unit cooperation and is good at building joint innovation platforms and providing technological develop⁃ment directions for enterprises and industries.This paper introduces the main characteristics and operation mode of the association,analyzes the innovation mechanism of the model,and puts forward some differentiat⁃ed development strategies of scientific and technological innovation and achievement transformation in colleg⁃es and universities in China.