健身教育课程对大学生体育锻炼知信行的影响

Effects of Physical Fitness Education Course on Exercise KAP for College Students

目的:基于知信行理论,从体育锻炼知识、态度和行为三个维度,对健身教育课程进行评估,旨在探索高校开设健身教育课程的理论与实践价值。方法:以选修健身教育课程的学生为实验组(n=193),以性别、班级等匹配条件按照1:1招募对照组(n=193)。实验组接受12周共36学时的健身教育课程教学。分别于课程开始前和结束后,采用《大学生体育锻炼知信行问卷》对被试者体育锻炼知信行得分的改变进行分析,评价课程效果。结果:实验前,实验组与对照组的一般资料、体育锻炼知识、态度和行为各维度得分无差异(P>0.05)。12周课程结束后,实验组体育锻炼知识和态度两个维度的得分均高于实验前(P<0.05),但体育锻炼行为维度的得分无明显提高(P>0.05)。12周课程结束后,实验组体育锻炼知识和态度维度的得分均高于对照组(P<0.05),但行为维度的得分无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:12周健身教育课程有助于提高大学生体育锻炼的认知水平,有助于改善其体育锻炼的态度,但该课程对大学生体育锻炼行为的改变作用有限。提示大学生体育锻炼行为的改变可能是一项漫长的系统工程,任重而道远。

Objective:Based on the theory of KAP,this study evaluated the effects of physical fitness education courses between college students,to explore the values of setting up physical fitness education courses in colleges.Methods:Took the students who took the physical fitness education courses as the intervention group(n=193),and recruit the control(n=193)according to 1:1 matching conditions such as gender and class.The intervention group received 36 class hours of physical fitness education courses for 12 weeks.Before and after the beginning and end of the courses,investigated the scores of the students’exercise KAP.Results:There were no differences in demographic characters,exercise KAP between the intervention group and the control(P>0.05).At the end of 12 weeks,the scores of exercise knowledge and attitude in the intervention group were higher than baseline(P<0.05).However,the scores of exercise behavior dimension did not significantly improve(P>0.05).After 12 weeks,the scores of exercise knowledge and attitude in the intervention group were higher than those in the control(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the scores of behavioral dimensions(P>0.05).Conclusion:The 12 week physical fitness education courses is helpful to improve college students’exercise cognition and attitude towards exercise.However,the courses has limited effects on college students’exercise behavior.It is suggested that the change of college students’exercise behavior may be a long and systematic project with a long way to go.